Quick Reference for Common Cancers
The information below are intended as a quick reference of the tumors listed. This information is not intended to be used as the primary resource for making decisions.
Quick Reference for Common Cancers
The information below are intended as a quick reference of the tumors listed. This information is not intended to be used as the primary resource for making decisions.
| Tumor | Location | Diagnostics | Treatment | Prognosis | Palliative tx |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lymphoma | -LNs (K9) | -Cytology, CBC/CHEM/UA, flow cytometry or PARR, +/- AXR/AUS and CXR |
-L-CHOP, single agent dox (B) or lomustine (T) -Lomustine + pred |
B: 1 yr, 25% 2 yrs (6m if sick/T cell) -1-3 months w/pred alone |
-Pred 2 mg/kg/d, taper to 0.5-1 mg/kg |
| -Cutaneous (K9) | -Biopsy | -Lomustine + pred | -6-9 months | -Pred, antibiotics, derm meds | |
| -Cat | -Cytology (mass, fluid), FeLV/FIV, CBC/CHEM/UA |
-L-CHOP, COP, or lomustine |
-6-9 months, 10-25% long term survivors (years) if CR. Shorter MST FeLV+. | -Prednisolone 5-10 mg/cat/d | |
| Mast cell tumor | Cutaneous | -Cytology: mass, regional LN, +/- spleen -Biopsy w/histopathology -CBC/CHEM/UA -AUS, CXR +/- MCT panel (high mitotic index, metastatic, large size, location, etc.) |
-SX -Stefonta injection -XRT (if dirty margins) -Chemo if high grade/metastatic: vinblastine/pred, Palladia, lomustine |
-Highly variable -Complete removal/low grade: “cure” -Dirty margins + XRT, no mets: years. -High grade/metastatic: ~6 months, 1-2 yrs with chemo in some cases |
-Pred 1-2 mg/kg/d -Benadryl 2 mg/kg BID -Prilosec 0.5-1 mg/kg/d -6-12 months w/palliative chemo, 1+ yr w/XRT + Palladia |
| -SQ | -Cytology of mass, regional LN -CBC/CHEM/UA -Biopsy w/histopathology -AUS, CXR if concern for aggressive tumor (MCT panel not validated for SQ) |
-Unresectable: chemo +/- palliative XRT -SX -Stelfonta if distal to elbow or hock |
-MST not reached, >92% alive at 2 years -Shorter survival if high MI, infiltrative growth pattern, multinucleation on biopsy |
-Same as above | |
| Osteosarcoma | -Appendicular | -Rads (limb, CXR) -CBC/CHEM/UA +/- Cytology or biopsy |
-Amp + chemo (carboplatin) -RT: 70-95% improve |
-12+ months. CXR q2-3 months -Pain control 2-4 months. Can repeat RT -3-4 months |
-NSAID, gabapentin, Tylenol IV, zoledronate |
| -Axial | -Rads (affected area, CXR), +/- CT for surgical planning, CBC/CHEM/UA, cytology or biopsy | -SX if possible | -~5 months, high rate recurrence | -See above, steroids if located on skull/neuro | |
| -Appendicular (cats) | -Same as dogs | -Amputation +/- chemo in some cases | -2+ years | -See above (not Tylenol) | |
| Melanoma | -Oral | -Cytology: mass, draining lymph node, CBC/CHEM/UA, CXR, biopsy. | -Complete removal or RT + Oncept vaccine | -1-2 years, shorter with advanced stage | -Pain meds, soft food, magic mouthwash |
| -Digit | -Cytology: mass, draining lymph node, CBC/CHEM/UA, CXR, biopsy. | -Digit amputation + Oncept vaccine | -15+ months (longer if no mets, 48% alive at 2 and 3 yrs) | -Pain meds | |
| -Cutaneous | -Biopsy of mass +/- lab work, lymph node cytology, CXR if malignant | -Removal, +/- Oncept vaccine if high risk | -3+ years. Shorter if high MI, high Ki67, nuclear atypia, large size, metastasis | +/- Antibiotics, topical meds, NSAIDs | |
| HAS | -Spleen | -CBC/CHEM/UA, AXR/AUS, CXR, biopsy | -Splenectomy + chemo (dox, MTC), I’m Yunity or propranolol | -5-7 months | -Yunnan Biayao, pain meds or NSAIDs, I’m Yunity |
| -SQ/IM | -CBC/CHEM/UA, AUS, CXR, biopsy. +/- CT for surgical planning | -Removal + chemo | -SQ: 5 months to 3 years depending on study -IM: 5-9 months |
-Same as above | |
| Soft tissue sarcoma | -Skin | -CBC/CHEM/UA, CXR, cytology or biopsy of mass | -Remove with wide margins -Narrow excision + RT or MTC -Chemotherapy only for grade III/high |
-Typically cured (clean margins, narrow margins with RT) -High grade 50% metastasize |
-Palliative RT -Pain meds |
| TCC | -Bladder, prostate | -CBC/CHEM/UA/urine culture -Cytology of mass or CADET BRAF -Imaging: CXR, AUS |
-Remove if apical/small -NSAIDs -NSAIDS + IV or MTC chemo +/- RT |
-6-10 months generally -Shorter if urethral or prostatic, metastatic -Possibly longer survival with IMRT (21+ months) |
-NSAID -Antibiotics if secondary UTI -Stent, cystostomy tube |
KEY: SX=surgery; A/CXR=abdominal/chest x-ray; AUS=abdominal ultrasound; HSA=hemangiosarcoma; MTC=metronomic chemotherapy; RT=radiation therapy; TCC=transitional cell carcinoma; MTD=maximum tolerated dose; IMRT=intensity-modulated radiation therapy
