Quick Reference for Common Cancers

The information below are intended as a quick reference of the tumors listed. This information is not intended to be used as the primary resource for making decisions.

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Quick Reference for Common Cancers

The information below are intended as a quick reference of the tumors listed. This information is not intended to be used as the primary resource for making decisions.

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Tumor  Location Diagnostics Treatment Prognosis Palliative tx 
Lymphoma -LNs (K9) -Cytology, CBC/CHEM/UA, flow cytometry or PARR,
+/- AXR/AUS and CXR
-L-CHOP, single agent dox (B) or lomustine (T)
-Lomustine + pred
B: 1 yr, 25% 2 yrs (6m if sick/T cell)
-1-3 months w/pred alone
-Pred 2 mg/kg/d, taper to 0.5-1 mg/kg
-Cutaneous (K9) -Biopsy -Lomustine + pred -6-9 months -Pred, antibiotics, derm meds
-Cat -Cytology (mass, fluid), FeLV/FIV,
CBC/CHEM/UA
-L-CHOP, COP, or
lomustine
-6-9 months, 10-25% long term survivors (years) if CR. Shorter MST FeLV+. -Prednisolone 5-10 mg/cat/d
Mast cell tumor Cutaneous -Cytology: mass, regional LN, +/- spleen
-Biopsy w/histopathology
-CBC/CHEM/UA
-AUS, CXR
+/- MCT panel (high mitotic index, metastatic, large size, location, etc.)
-SX
-Stefonta injection
-XRT (if dirty margins)
-Chemo if high grade/metastatic: vinblastine/pred, Palladia, lomustine
-Highly variable
-Complete removal/low grade: “cure”
-Dirty margins + XRT, no mets: years.
-High grade/metastatic: ~6 months, 1-2 yrs with chemo in some cases
-Pred 1-2 mg/kg/d
-Benadryl 2 mg/kg BID
-Prilosec 0.5-1 mg/kg/d
-6-12 months w/palliative chemo, 1+ yr w/XRT + Palladia
-SQ -Cytology of mass, regional LN
-CBC/CHEM/UA
-Biopsy w/histopathology
-AUS, CXR if concern for aggressive tumor
(MCT panel not validated for SQ)
-Unresectable: chemo +/- palliative XRT
-SX
-Stelfonta if distal to elbow or hock
-MST not reached, >92% alive at 2 years
-Shorter survival if high MI, infiltrative growth pattern, multinucleation on biopsy
-Same as above
Osteosarcoma -Appendicular -Rads (limb, CXR)
-CBC/CHEM/UA
+/- Cytology or biopsy
-Amp + chemo (carboplatin)
-RT: 70-95% improve
-12+ months. CXR q2-3 months
-Pain control 2-4 months. Can repeat RT
-3-4 months
-NSAID, gabapentin, Tylenol IV, zoledronate
-Axial -Rads (affected area, CXR), +/- CT for surgical planning, CBC/CHEM/UA, cytology or biopsy -SX if possible -~5 months, high rate recurrence -See above, steroids if located on skull/neuro
-Appendicular (cats) -Same as dogs -Amputation +/- chemo in some cases -2+ years -See above (not Tylenol)
Melanoma -Oral -Cytology: mass, draining lymph node, CBC/CHEM/UA, CXR, biopsy. -Complete removal or RT + Oncept vaccine -1-2 years, shorter with advanced stage -Pain meds, soft food, magic mouthwash
-Digit -Cytology: mass, draining lymph node, CBC/CHEM/UA, CXR, biopsy. -Digit amputation + Oncept vaccine -15+ months (longer if no mets, 48% alive at 2 and 3 yrs) -Pain meds
-Cutaneous -Biopsy of mass +/- lab work, lymph node cytology, CXR if malignant -Removal, +/- Oncept vaccine if high risk -3+ years. Shorter if high MI, high Ki67, nuclear atypia, large size, metastasis +/- Antibiotics, topical meds, NSAIDs
HAS -Spleen -CBC/CHEM/UA, AXR/AUS, CXR, biopsy -Splenectomy + chemo (dox, MTC), I’m Yunity or propranolol -5-7 months -Yunnan Biayao, pain meds or NSAIDs, I’m Yunity
-SQ/IM -CBC/CHEM/UA, AUS, CXR, biopsy. +/- CT for surgical planning -Removal + chemo -SQ: 5 months to 3 years depending on study
-IM: 5-9 months
-Same as above
Soft tissue sarcoma -Skin -CBC/CHEM/UA, CXR, cytology or biopsy of mass -Remove with wide margins
-Narrow excision + RT or MTC
-Chemotherapy only for grade III/high
-Typically cured (clean margins, narrow margins with RT)
-High grade 50% metastasize
-Palliative RT
-Pain meds
TCC -Bladder, prostate -CBC/CHEM/UA/urine culture
-Cytology of mass or CADET BRAF
-Imaging: CXR, AUS
-Remove if apical/small
-NSAIDs
-NSAIDS + IV or MTC chemo
+/- RT
-6-10 months generally
-Shorter if urethral or prostatic, metastatic
-Possibly longer survival with IMRT (21+ months)
-NSAID
-Antibiotics if secondary UTI
-Stent, cystostomy tube

KEY: SX=surgery; A/CXR=abdominal/chest x-ray; AUS=abdominal ultrasound; HSA=hemangiosarcoma; MTC=metronomic chemotherapy; RT=radiation therapy; TCC=transitional cell carcinoma; MTD=maximum tolerated dose; IMRT=intensity-modulated radiation therapy